SF-DEM is a patient- and carer-reported outcome measure designed for the assessment of the social functioning of people with dementia.
Scale development and validation
SF-DEM consists of two questionnaires.
- SF-DEM - Person with dementia: a 20 item interviewer-administered questionnaire answered by a person with?dementia
- SF-DEM - Carer: a 20 item interviewer-administered questionnaire answered by a family carer of a person with?dementia
The social functioning in dementia scale?was developed and validated using key psychometric principles in a population of older people living in Camden and Islington, London (Sommerlad et al 2017).?We undertook a further validation study and established the?factor structure in a multi-centre study based in London and Sussex (Budgett et al 2019) and have established the minimum clinically important difference for the scale (Levene et al 2022).
Researchers in Germany have translated and validated the SF-DEM (Grothe et al 2022). Collaborators in Denmark, Japan, Taiwan, Turkey and Hong Kong are currently translating and validating the scale for their local settings.
SF-DEM Files for download
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SF-DEM is freely available for use by other researchers under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
German SF-DEM
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Hong Kong (Cantonese) SF-DEM
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Danish SF-DEM
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Taiwanese SF-DEM
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Validation studies
English SF-DEM
- Sommerlad, A., Singleton, D., Jones, R., Banerjee, S., Livingston, G. . Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring. 2017: 7;88-98 doi: 10.1016/j.dadm.2017.02.001
Budgett J, Brown A, Daley S, Page T, Banerjee S, Livingston G, Sommerlad A. . Alzheimer’s and Dementia Diagnosis, Assessment and Disease Monitoring 2019. 11:45-52 doi: 10.1016/j.dadm.2018.11.001
Levene T, Livingston G, Banerjee S, Sommerlad A. . BMJ Open 2022;12:e058252
German SF-DEM
Grothe?J, Luppa M, Dietzel J, Schomerus G, Sommerlad A, Riedel-Heller SG, R?hr S. . Journal of Alzheimer's Disease?2022. 86(3):1231-41 doi: 10.3233/JAD-215557
Japanese SF-DEM
Umeda S, Kanemoto H, Suzuki M, Wada T et. al.?.?International Psychogeriatrics 2024. 1-14 doi: 10.1017/S1041610224000401