Global Lactase Persistence Association Database GLAD
Lactase persistence (LP) is the ability of adult humans to digest the milk sugar lactose. LP is a dominant Mendelian trait that has been a subject of extensive genetic, medical, and evolutionary research.
This is an online database resource presentingÌýLP phenotypic and genotypicÌýallele frequency data: interpolated LP frequency maps are shown, focussing on the Old World.Ìý
We encourage researchers to send us new LP phenotype / genotype data toÌýProfessor Dallas SwallowÌýin an Excel format using headers identical to those in the tables linked below.Ìý
Please make sure that the submitted phenotype data conform to the following criteria:
- Random sampling
- Known ethnicity and sampling location
- Indigenous population (preferably, but please alert us and supply details, if not)
- No hospital patients or individuals self reporting with gut problems
Latest Maps
Distribution of Lactase Persistence phenotype
Ìý
Dots represent test locations. Colours and colour key show LP frequency distribution represented by surface interpolation.ÌýIngram,C.I, Montalva, N and Swallow, D.M. 2022 'Lactose Malabsorption’, in Advanced Dairy Chemistry, Volume 3: Lactose, Water, Salts and Minor Constituents McSweeney et al eds. .ÌýSee data links below.
Frequency of 13907*GÌý(rs41525747)
Dots represent collection locations. Colours and colour key show the allele frequency distribution represented by surface interpolation.ÌýTaken fromÌýIngram,C.I, Montalva, N and Swallow, D.M. 2022 'Lactose Malabsorption’, in Advanced Dairy Chemistry, Volume 3: Lactose, Water, Salts and Minor Constituents McSweeney et al eds. .ÌýSee data links below.
Frequency of 13910*T (rs4988235)ÌýÌý
Dots represent collection locations. Colours and colour key show the allele frequency distribution represented by surface interpolation.ÌýTaken fromÌýIngram,C.I, Montalva, N and Swallow, D.M. 2022 'Lactose Malabsorption’, in Advanced Dairy Chemistry, Volume 3: Lactose, Water, Salts and Minor Constituents McSweeney et al eds. .ÌýSee data links below.
Frequency of 13915*G (rs41380347)
Dots represent collection locations. Colours and colour key show the allele frequency distribution represented by surface interpolation.ÌýTaken fromÌýIngram,C.I, Montalva, N and Swallow, D.M. 2022 'Lactose Malabsorption’, in Advanced Dairy Chemistry, Volume 3: Lactose, Water, Salts and Minor Constituents McSweeney et al eds. .ÌýSee data links below.
Frequency of 14009*G (rs869051967)ÌýÌý
Dots represent collection locations. Colours and colour key show the allele frequency distribution represented by surface interpolation.ÌýTaken fromÌýIngram,C.I, Montalva, N and Swallow, D.M. 2022 'Lactose Malabsorption’, in Advanced Dairy Chemistry, Volume 3: Lactose, Water, Salts and Minor Constituents McSweeney et al eds. .ÌýSee data links below.
Frequency of 14010*C (rs145946881)
Dots represent collection locations. Colours and colour key show the allele frequency distribution represented by surface interpolation.ÌýTaken fromÌýIngram,C.I, Montalva, N and Swallow, D.M. 2022 'Lactose Malabsorption’, in Advanced Dairy Chemistry, Volume 3: Lactose, Water, Salts and Minor Constituents McSweeney et al eds. .ÌýSee data links below.
Data
Database | Version | Reference |
LP Genotypes Old World | 2012 -ÌýDOWNLOAD | |
LP Phenotypes | 2012 -ÌýDOWNLOAD | |
LP Genotypes Old World | 2017 -ÌýDOWNLOAD | Liebert et al 2017 |
LP Genotypes Old World | 2020 - DOWNLOADÌý | Ingram,C.I, Montalva, N and Swallow, D.M. 2022 'Lactose Malabsorption’, in Advanced Dairy Chemistry, Volume 3: Lactose, Water, Salts and Minor Constituents McSweeney et al eds. |
LP Phenotypes with Americas | 2020 - DOWNLOADÌý | Ingram,C.I, Montalva, N and Swallow, D.M. 2022 'Lactose Malabsorption’, in Advanced Dairy Chemistry, Volume 3: Lactose, Water, Salts and Minor Constituents McSweeney et al eds. |
LP Ancient Genotypes | 2022 -Ìý DOWNLOAD | ).ÌýData taken from v44.3 of the Allen Ancient DNA Resource (accessible at:Ìý). Single alleles (for read depth one) and maximum likelihood genotypes (for read depth above one) were obtained from pileups on BAM files for the set of individuals shown in Figure 2 of Evershed et al. As described in Evershed et al., rs4988235 genotypes for individuals PEN001_real2, Klei10.SG, and Iboussieres25-1 were manually set to the GG, as presence of the derived LP allele is believed to be due to post mortem damage. |
CreditsÌý
Maps
Nicolas Montalva.
Database
Anke Liebert, Yuval Itan, Bryony Leigh Jones, Catherine Ingram, Dallas Swallow, Mark Thomas, Nic Montalva, Yoan Diekmann.
Corrections
Thanks toÌýFavia Domizia Nardi, Laure Segurel, Pavel Grasgruber, and several others for supplying corrections.
Last update
February 2023 by Dallas Swallow andÌýMark Thomas